What is the name for a mature female hog or swine?

A mature female hog or swine is referred to as a "sow." This term specifically denotes a female pig that has reached adulthood and is typically one that has given birth to piglets. In the context of animal husbandry, it is important to recognize the specific terminology used for different species, as terms like "doe," "ewe," and "hen" pertain to other types of animals. A "doe" is a female goat, a "ewe" is a female sheep, and a "hen" is a female chicken. Understanding these distinctions helps prevent confusion when discussing animal breeding and farming practices.